000			035170000a22006010004500
911			_aXL1997503381
901			_aF08
902			_aA50
903			_aE
903			_aV
904			_aBCO
905			_aC
906			_a19970101
908			_aJ
909			_aAS
912			_aEn
912			_aEn
914			_aBCO
914			_aKE
090			_aCATIE _bM987
100	1		_997700 _aMuschler, R.G.
100	1		_950020 _aBonnemann, A.
260			_c1997
041	0		_aEn
500			_a1 fig. 3 tab. 68 ref. Sum. (En)
520			_aWith increasing population pressure, the agricultural frontier in tropical countries is being expanded into previously untouched or little changed areas, frequently resulting in environmental degradation. At the same time, the use of agricultural lands is undergoing rapid changes in response to increasing environmental concerns and external market forces. In large areas of Central America, for example, the production systems for coffee have lost much of their biological diversity in the last couple of decades. Observations of apparently higher yields in high-input and low-diversity systems resulted in recommendations to eliminate trees. In recent years, however, as a result of low coffee prices and environmental concerns, calls to reverse this trend have been made in many countries and research and implementation initiatives are being developed to, once again, increase the diversity of the systems by incorporating trees. The necessary changes in the objectives and management of land-use systems must be gradual to assure high acceptability of the new practices. Under such conditions, which are typical for most traditional land-use systems the development of practices which integrate trees into the agricultural land-use systems assumes special importance. Agroforestry practices can help to improve land-use systems towards higher sustainability and/or provide a stepping stone towards other, often tree-based, land-use systems of higher viability. Using examples from the research and extension experiences at CATIE, some silvopastoral and agrisilvicultural systems are discussed with their potentials and limitations. To help evaluate improved systems, promising methodologies for appropriate research and extension are outlined. New research has shifted the focus to on-farm experimentation, and economic and extension aspects of agroforestry.
650	1	4	_9134976 _aAGROFORESTERIA
650	1	4	_9167870 _aUTILIZACION DE LA TIERRA
650	1	4	_9147401 _aEXPERIMENTACION EN CAMPO
650	1	4	_9147487 _aEXTENSION
650	1	4	_9151984 _aINVESTIGACION
650	1	4	_9164921 _aSISTEMAS SILVICULTURALES
650	1	4	_92108 _aAMERICA CENTRAL
691			_9134979 _aAGROFORESTRY
691			_9152641 _aLAND USE
691			_9319097 _aFIELD EXPERIMENTATION
691			_9147488 _aEXTENSION ACTIVITIES
691			_9162562 _aRESEARCH
691			_9338329 _aSILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS
691			_922991 _aCENTRAL AMERICA
692			_aAGROFORESTERIE
692			_aUTILISATION DES TERRES
692			_aEXPERIMENTATION AU CHAMP
692			_aVULGARISATION
692			_aRECHERCHE
692			_aREGIME SYLVICOLE
692			_aAMERIQUE CENTRALE
773	0		_tForest Ecology and Management (Países Bajos) _d1997 _gv. 91 p. 61-73
040			_aCR-TuBCO _cCR-TuBCO _bEs
245	1	0	_aPotentials and limitations of agroforestry for changing land-use in the Tropics: experiences from Central America
942			_cANA
003			CR-TuBCO
999			_c105402 _d105402