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The effects of shade and NPK fertilizers on the incidence of cocoa black pod disease in Ghana

Por: Dakwa, J.T.
Editor: 1976Tema(s): THEOBROMA CACAO | PHYTOPHTHORA PALMIVORA | ENFERMEDADES FUNGOSAS | SOMBRA | MORBOSIDAD | GHANA | THEOBROMA CACAO | PHYTOPHTHORA PALMIVORA | FUNGAL DISEASES | SHADE | MORBIDITY | GHANAClasificación CDD: 633.7442 En: Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science (Ghana) v. 9(3) p. 179-184Resumen: The investigations were base on Amazon shade and manurial experiment conducted at the Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana, between 1965 and 1972. Black pod incidence was consistently and significantly higher on plots with medium (S1) or dense (S2) overhead shade than on plots without shade (S0)Resumen: differences between S2 and S1 were not significant. Under the same shade regime, disease fluctuated from year to year, this being associated with variable weather, particularly the distribution of rainfall. Direct fertilizer effects were variableResumen: they were generally small but sometimes significant. The number of black pods was higher on plots receiving fertilizers than on control plots and this may be attributed to the higher yields following fertilizer application. Disease on plots receiving NP or PK fertilizers was higher than on control plots, but infection on plots with NK was lower than on the control plots. The N x P x K interaction significantly increased disease incidence in 1965/66 and 1966/67 minor crops (April-August) but reduced incidence in the main crops (September-March). Black pod disease on plots receiving the three elements were sometimes lower than on plots receiving any two. None of the shade x fertilizer interactions except the shade x N x P x K interaction, significantly increase disease. The four-factor interaction effects were significant only in 1965/66, 1966/67 and 1967/68. It is suggested that reports on the incidence of black pod disease should include both percentage and the corresponding yield so that the number of pods diseased can be appreciated.

++ 1 tab. 19 ref. Sum. (En, Fr)

The investigations were base on Amazon shade and manurial experiment conducted at the Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana, between 1965 and 1972. Black pod incidence was consistently and significantly higher on plots with medium (S1) or dense (S2) overhead shade than on plots without shade (S0)

differences between S2 and S1 were not significant. Under the same shade regime, disease fluctuated from year to year, this being associated with variable weather, particularly the distribution of rainfall. Direct fertilizer effects were variable

they were generally small but sometimes significant. The number of black pods was higher on plots receiving fertilizers than on control plots and this may be attributed to the higher yields following fertilizer application. Disease on plots receiving NP or PK fertilizers was higher than on control plots, but infection on plots with NK was lower than on the control plots. The N x P x K interaction significantly increased disease incidence in 1965/66 and 1966/67 minor crops (April-August) but reduced incidence in the main crops (September-March). Black pod disease on plots receiving the three elements were sometimes lower than on plots receiving any two. None of the shade x fertilizer interactions except the shade x N x P x K interaction, significantly increase disease. The four-factor interaction effects were significant only in 1965/66, 1966/67 and 1967/68. It is suggested that reports on the incidence of black pod disease should include both percentage and the corresponding yield so that the number of pods diseased can be appreciated.

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